Renal Cyst

The kidneys are the most common organ in the body to develop cysts and occur in 50% of the population older than 50.
A simple cyst may be single or multiple, unilateral or bilateral and can range from a few mm to several cm in diameter.
Most simple cysts are found incidentally on ultrasound or renal imaging studies are asymptomatic and require no treatment.
Occasionally large cysts may cause pain due to cyst wall distention, intra-cystic bleeding or obstruction of the collecting system and require treatment.
Certain cyst are indeterminant that requires regular Ultrasound or CT follow up.

Open surgery may include nephrectomy, decortication or marsupialization of the cyst.
Laparoscopic cyst ablation – transabdominal or retroperitoneal approach.
Only lesions that meet the ultrasound or CT criteria for simple cysts should be approached laparoscopically. There could be a small chance of malignancy therefore the cyst wall should be inspected for tumour and sent for histology. Tumour seeding is a potential disadvantage.
Percutaneous aspiration